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Bacteria Analysis
Test Category: BG Presence of Gram Positive bacteria by using Gram stain.
While examining lung tissue from patients who had died of pneumonia (1884), Hans Christian Gram, a Danish doctor discovered that certain stains were preferentially taken up and retained by bacterial cells. He also developed a staining procedure which divided almost all bacteria into two large groups: Gram + and Gram - (with a few exceptions).
Test Category: EL Detection of total coliforms and E. coli in drinking water, groundwater or surface water using Colilert / Colitag (Presence/Absence). MACS Lab is accredited by the California Department of Public Health (ELAT Program, Certificate #2027) to perform analysis for bacteria and E. Coli.
Test Category: EN Enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in drinking water, groundwater or surface water using Colilert / Colitag methods (Enumeration).
The Colilert test can detect these bacteria at 1 cfu/100 mL within 24 hours with as many as 2 million heterotrophic bacteria per 100 ml present.
Some Non-coliform bacteria, (like Aeromonas and Pseudomonas) producing small amounts of the enzyme B-D-galactosidase can not produce a positive response within 28 hours. Presence of these bacteria is used to indicate whether other potentially harmful bacteria may be present.
Test Category: 101.200 001 Microbiology of Drinking WaterĘ- E. coli Enumeration following the SM9223 B Colilert - Quantitray Protocol
This method is applicable to process samples for Enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli in drinking water, groundwater or surface water using Colilert reagent IDEXX Laboratories.ĘThe Colilert test can detect these bacteria at 1 cfu/100 mL within 24 hours with as many as 2 million heterotrophic bacteria per 100 ml present. E. coli data are collected for small filtered water systems in lieu.
If the E. coli concetration is above the trigger level :50 E. coli/100ml for a flowing stream as source of water
or
10 E. coli/100ml for a water reservoir or lakeis used to indicate whether other potentially harmful bacteria may be present. These levels also indicate that water system must monitor for other harmful microbes like Cryptosporidium .
References:
1. Bacterial Waterborne Pathogens: Current and Emerging Organisms of Concern (Health Canada, 2006a).
2. Kudryavtseva, 1972; Filip et al., 1987; Edberg et al., 2000
3. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/index_e.html
4. http://www.epa.gov.org/WDW//contaminants/index.html#micro
Special Instructions for Collection of Drinking Water Samples for Bacterial Analysis
1. Pre scheduling for the bacterial analysis of drinking water samples will be helpful to get results on time. [Sampling kit can be obtained from the lab if needed]
2. At least 500 ml of water sample must be collected for the analyses.
3. All samples must be collected in a screw caped sterilized bottle provided with a pellet of Sodium Thio-Sulphate as preservative.
4. Water sample should not be treated for Chlorination at the time of collection.
5. Water samples must be submitted in cooler boxes with Ice packs to maintain the temperature from 4c to10c.
6. All water samples must be submitted for analysis within 6-12 hrs of collection as they should be analyzed within 30 hrs of collection.
7. Following information must be collected by sampler at the time of collection and entered in COC form to submit for the analyses. (Customer service will sign after verification of following entries in COC).
a. Date of collection
b. Time of collection
c. Location of collection
d. Description of each sample
e. Name of person collecting samples
f. Temperature inside the cooler box after placing the sample inside cooler box with ICE (4-10c is acceptable)
g. Method of transporting samples must be specified (walk in, drop off or FedEx etc.).
h. Signature of person submitting samples
Please contact MACS LAB in case of questions or to schedule the test at
(510)-786-9751
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